許多藥品說明書的第一項是Description(性狀),其原意是“敘述”、“描寫”,在藥品說明書及藥典中一般都譯為“性狀”。這一項最常用的標題是Description,此外還可能有其他的表示法,如:
Chemical Structure 化學結構
Composition 成分
Physical and Chemical Properties 理化性質(zhì)
這一項中的英語詞匯除一部分化學專業(yè)詞匯外,多為常用詞,借助英漢化學化工詞典及英漢詞典即可通讀。
一、本項中常見的句型
例1.Folic acid is a yellowish to orange, crystalline powder; odourless or almost odourless.
葉酸是淡黃色至橙色結晶粉沫,無臭或幾乎無臭。
例2.Intralipos 10% is a white opaque fat emulsion for intravenous injection, containing 10 W/V % of purified soybean oil.
脂肪乳劑(10%)是白色,不透明,供靜脈注射用的脂肪乳劑,含有10%(W/V)的精制大豆油。
例3.Ursosan Tablet 50mg is a white plain tablet which contains 50mg of ursodesoxycholic acid.
熊去氧膽酸片為白色素片,每片含50mg熊去氧膽酸。
例4.Sterile pyrogen-free, orange red, freeze-dried powder in vials containing 10mg and 50mg of doxorubicin hydrochloride with lactose.
。ū酒罚樾∑垦b,滅菌無熱原,桔紅色凍干粉沫,每小瓶含有10mg或50mg阿霉素鹽酸鹽與乳糖。
例5.It occurs as a white to off-white, crystalline solid, poorly soluble in water, dilute acid and most organic solvents.
本品(炎痛息康)為白色至類白色結晶固體,難溶于水、稀酸及大多數(shù)有機溶劑中。
例6.Pamine, chemically known as epoxytropine tropate methylbromide, has the empirical formula C18H24NO4Br and the molecular weight 398.3.
哌明的化學名稱為環(huán)氧莨菪堿托品酸酯溴代甲烷,實驗式為C18H24NO4Br,分子量為398.3.
例7.Kanendomycin is a very stable antibiotic, and its activity does not decrease when the powder is placed in an airlight container and kept at room temperatures for more than 2 years.
卡內(nèi)多霉素是一種很穩(wěn)定的抗生素,其粉沫置于密封容器中,在室溫下保存二年以上,活性不減。
例8.This product is prepared from units of human plasma which have been tested and found nonreactive for hepatitis associated (Australia) antigen.
本品由人血漿制備,此血漿業(yè)經(jīng)檢驗,并且證明對肝炎(澳大利亞)抗原無反應。
二、本項中常用的詞語
1、表示組成、制備的詞及短語,如:
be derived from 由……衍生
consist of 由……組成
be obtained 制得
contain 含有
be prepared from 由……制備
have (possess) 有(具有)
2、表示性質(zhì)的一些詞類,如:
colo(u)r 顏色
stable 穩(wěn)定的
taste 味道
molecular formula 分子式
odo(u)rless 無臭的
molecular weight 分子量
crystalline 結晶的
structure 結構
solubility 溶解度
injection 注射劑
insoluble 不溶的
solution 溶液
odo(u)r 氣味
tablets 片劑
colo(u)rless 無色的
derivative 衍生物
tasteless 無味的
liquid 液體
sterile 無菌的
powder 粉沫
soluble 可溶的
solid 固體
還有許多其他詞匯,不能一一列舉。記住這些常用詞對閱讀本項內(nèi)容大有益處。